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Insurer 's Conduct When No Bad Faith Is Pleaded

BY Robert E. Smith
July 02, 2014

In what has commonly become known as the Koken decision, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court held that the Pennsylvania Insurance Department “does not possess the authority to require mandatory binding arbitration for UM and UIM disputes.” Prior to Koken, captioned as Insurance Federation of PA v. Department of Insurance, 585 Pa. 630, 889 A2d. 550 (2005), uninsured and underinsured claims were usually arbitrated before three-person panels with very limited appellate rights. Now, most of these claims are being litigated and many procedural and evidentiary issues are working their way through the courts.

Complaints filed to recover UM/UIM coverage range from simple single-count complaints alleging that the plaintiff was injured by the negligence of an uninsured or underinsured motorist and is entitled to recover UM/UIM coverage, to those also including claims for breach of contract or statutory bad faith pursuant to 42 Pa. C.S.A. ' 8371. The inclusion of a statutory bad-faith claim provides a basis for the plaintiff to argue for a broad scope of discovery regarding the insurer's conduct and evaluation of the claim. However, the insurer may file a motion to sever and stay the bad-faith claim and argue for a more restricted scope of discovery.

The purpose of this article is to discuss some arguments relating to whether discovery of information relating to the insurer's conduct and claim handling is relevant in a UM/UIM claim pleaded as a breach of contract action without a statutory bad-faith claim. Relevant evidence “means evidence having any tendency to make the existence of any fact that is of consequence to the determination of the action more probable or less probable than it would be without the evidence,” according to Pa.R.E. 401.

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