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HIPAA and State Discovery Practices
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) is a complex commercial statutory scheme aimed at regulating the health care industry's use and storage of electronic health information. In drafting this legislation, Congress expressed concern that health care entities must assure their “customers,” including patients, “that the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of electronic protected health information they collect, maintain, use, or transmit is protected.” 68 Fed. Reg. 8334 (Feb. 20, 2003). HIPAA (Pub. L. No. 104-191) is codified in myriad sections of 18, 26, 29, and 42 of the United States Code. Using the Public Law Number cite and referring to the most recent edition of the United States Code Annotated Tables periodical will permit the reader to pinpoint these scattered United States Code sections.
Because of HIPAA's vast scope and because of its wording, that it “shall supercede any contrary provision of state law,” attorneys have begun to look to HIPAA as a means to preempt unfavorable multi-state discovery practices involving personal injury plaintiffs. An example of such a discovery practice that has recently come under fire is the practice of conducting ex parte interviews of a personal injury plaintiff's health care providers. As this article demonstrates, this practice is a time- and cost-effective alternative to conducting multiple, and potentially fruitless, formal depositions of each and every health care provider potentially involved in the treatment of a personal injury plaintiff. The practice is also currently employed in as many as 25 states, as well as in the District of Columbia.
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