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Nonprofit Corporate Governance

By Stephen P. Nash
December 01, 2003

In an indictment dated October 29, 2003, former HealthSouth Corp. chief executive Richard Scrushy was charged with 85 criminal counts for a scheme that allegedly added $2.7 billion in fictitious income to the health-care company he founded. Scrushy is the first chief executive to be accused of violating the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the Act), which includes a requirement that top executives at publicly traded companies certify the accuracy of financial results.

In November, the Associated Press reported that HealthSouth's directors, outside auditors and investment bankers had been called to testify before Congress concerning why they failed to detect the massive conspiracy, allegedly led by Scrushy, to overstate earnings of the one of the nation's largest providers of health care services. The case has already seen more than a dozen former executives of the HealthSouth Corp. plead guilty. In his sentencing hearing in November, one such executive testified that during his employment at HealthSouth, he saw invoices for hand grenades, automatic weapons, and other munitions.

In this two-part article, we summarize the basic requirements of the Act, demonstrate the legitimate public interest in accountability of nonprofits, and explore the extent to which compliance with Act-like corporate governance standards is already required, de facto, of the nonprofit sector.

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