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Risk Assessment and Post-Market Programs

By Roseann B. Termini
February 09, 2004

How do the medical device industry and the FDA prevent risks to the end user once the product is marketed? There is no simple answer to this question. Post-market vigilance in terms of risk assessment involves complex issues. These issues involve a cost/benefit analysis in terms of a “best approach” to post-market co-vigilence. The FDA has specified programs in terms of post-market risk prevention. For example, the 1976 Medical Device Amendments, the 1990 Safe Medical Device Act and 1992 Medical Device Amendments have served as milestones in medical device legislation, resulting in a system in which manufacturers must track the device from manufacture through distribution to assure accurate tracing in the event of problems. The regulations for tracking are found in 21 CFR Part 821.

The Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997 went even further in terms of legislating a medical device surveillance network for adverse events. The system, called MedSuN, is aimed at improving the protection of the health and safety of patients, users, and others involved with medical devices. The Medical Device User Fee Modernization Act of 2002 (MDUFMA) went still further on the subject of post-market surveillance in terms of Congressional appropriations and accountability.

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