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Bullies in the Workplace
Bullying isn't just a playground issue. In an era of declining unionization, job insecurity, and the global profit squeeze, bullying has become a serious workplace problem, even though workplace bullies usually prefer memos, informal disciplinary meetings and grinding criticism to spitballs. Left unchecked, on-the-job abuse adversely affects both employers and employees. Current legal theories, though, are inadequate to address this recent phenomenon.
Drs. Gary and Ruth Namie, the two individuals most responsible for popularizing the term “workplace bullying” in the United States, define it as “the repeated, health-endangering mistreatment of a person (the target) by a cruel perpetrator (the bully).” (Workplace Bullying & Trauma Institute, www.bullyinginstitute.org/def.html.) Bullying behavior can include not only oral abuse such as name calling, but also alienating or isolating an employee, harassing or intimidating an employee (possibly in front of co-workers, clients or customers), or providing an employee with unreasonable or impossible work assignments.
Recent surveys indicate that workplace bullying is pervasive, with 50% to 90% of respondents reporting some emotional abuse on the job. According to a leading expert on the topic, both men and women are bullies. Women constitute 58% of perpetrators, while men represent 42%. Though bullies may torment co-workers, 71% of them “outrank their targets. Most bullies are bosses.” (Gary Namie, “Workplace Bullying: Escalated Incivility,” Ivey Business Journal (Ontario, Canada), November/December 2003, pp. 1-6.)
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