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FDA's Failure-to-Warn Pre-emption

By Tresa Baldas
May 31, 2007

Nearly one year after the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued a pre-emption on filing failure-to-warn actions over federally approved drugs, rulings across the nation show a clear division over the issue.

The FDA declared that it possessed the pre-emptive power in the preamble to new rules for drug labeling issued on June 30, 2006. The pre-emption attempts to ban plaintiffs from filing the lawsuits if the drug has FDA approval. Plaintiffs' attorneys call the FDA pre-emption camouflaged tort reform, while defense counsel argue that a qualified arm of the federal government should call the shots on drug safety ' not judges and juries.

While some courts have upheld the FDA's pre-emption, others have rejected it. (Because of the diversity of the parties involved in the suits, these state tort claims are being filed in federal as well as state courts.) In Pennsylvania, a failure-to-warn lawsuit over the suicide risk of Paxil' and the generic version of Paxil is now on appeal in the Third U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals after a trial court upheld the drug maker's pre-emption argument, despite a husband's claims that the drug company's failure to warn about suicide risks caused his wife to kill herself with a razor. Colacicco v. Apotex Inc., No 05-cv-5500 (E.D. Pa.). A similar case is on appeal in the Fifth Circuit, where pre-emption also was upheld despite a widow's claims that fuller warning about the possible side effects of the antidepressant Effexor' would have affected the doctor's decision to prescribe the drug to her husband, who committed suicide. Ackermann v. Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, No. 4:05CV84 (E.D. Texas).

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