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For Better or for Worse: The Case Against Referenda on Marriage Equality

BY Frank Gulino
December 27, 2012

On Nov. 6, 2012, voters in Maine, Maryland and Washington made history when they voted to legalize same-sex marriage. After defeats in each and every one of 32 prior state ballot initiatives, the 2012 Election Day victories marked the first time that supporters of marriage equality succeeded at the ballot box. Within days following the election, a published report indicated that, in the wake of the referenda successes, gay rights activists were preparing for another ballot initiative to legalize same-sex marriage, this time in the state of Oregon. See Harry Esteve, Oregon May Be Next State For Gay Marriage Ballot Battle, HuffPost Religion, Nov. 11, 2012, www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/11/oregon-gay-marriage-ballot_n_2110014.html. But while it is natural for same-sex marriage supporters to want to ride the current wave of ballot box victories for marriage equality, that instinct should be resisted because popular-vote referenda are simply not the appropriate vehicle for determining fundamental individual rights, like the right to marry.

The 2012 Referenda on Marriage Equality

In the State of Washington, a bill permitting same-sex marriage was signed into law on Feb. 13, 2012; it was to have taken effect 90 days after the end of the legislative session. But opponents moved quickly, taking advantage of a clause in the statute that permitted the law to be tested by public referendum. In Maryland, a statute legalizing same-sex marriage was signed into law on March 1, 2012; it was to become effective on Jan.1, 2013. But as in Washington, opponents of the Maryland law soon began a drive to place the issue before the electorate in November. As a result of the efforts by marriage equality opponents, referenda appeared on the ballot in both states on Election Day 2012, asking voters to make a choice between granting and prohibiting the right of same-sex couples to marry.

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