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Word File Types and Compatibility
This column addresses the new compatibility features of Microsoft Office Word 2013. Microsoft has gone beyond the standard .doc and .docx file types we're used to in Word files generated through Office 2010. Although the new Word 2013 files still have an extension of .docx, you'll find that opening even Office 2007 and 2010 files will put you in the Compatibility Mode. Using Word's Check Compatibility tool will help to reduce the stress of learning, too late, that you've lost features that were intended to remain in a file.
A Brief History
Until Microsoft Word 2007, Word documents were saved with .doc (and .dot) extensions. When the .docx file type was introduced, some new and very different development was included. The main differences were: 1) When closing a .docx file, the file is automatically compressed. The file's size can be considerably smaller than the same .doc file; 2) Office 2007 and higher files can be opened in Office 2008 for the Mac; 3) Office 2007 and higher files cannot be opened in Office 2003 and lower without first installing the Microsoft Office Compatibility Pack; 4) The .docx file stores data in XML coding language ' rather than .doc binary, this separates specific data including formatting information, thus making it easier to recover corrupt files; 5) Content Controls were introduced in 2007, where developers can prompt for, store information, and place the Content Control in the document to help automate the document workflow process; 6) Security has been enhanced by not allowing macros to be inserted into .docx files, rather, the .docm and .dotm file types were designed specifically for those documents containing macros. (Macros can contain viruses.) Also note, for legal reasons, Custom XML markup has been removed in all versions of Word. This was mainly for development, and does not affect the advantages mentioned in point number 4 above.
Major Differences In UK, U.S. Copyright Laws
This article highlights how copyright law in the United Kingdom differs from U.S. copyright law, and points out differences that may be crucial to entertainment and media businesses familiar with U.S law that are interested in operating in the United Kingdom or under UK law. The article also briefly addresses contrasts in UK and U.S. trademark law.
The Article 8 Opt In
The Article 8 opt-in election adds an additional layer of complexity to the already labyrinthine rules governing perfection of security interests under the UCC. A lender that is unaware of the nuances created by the opt in (may find its security interest vulnerable to being primed by another party that has taken steps to perfect in a superior manner under the circumstances.
Strategy vs. Tactics: Two Sides of a Difficult Coin
With each successive large-scale cyber attack, it is slowly becoming clear that ransomware attacks are targeting the critical infrastructure of the most powerful country on the planet. Understanding the strategy, and tactics of our opponents, as well as the strategy and the tactics we implement as a response are vital to victory.
Legal Possession: What Does It Mean?
Possession of real property is a matter of physical fact. Having the right or legal entitlement to possession is not "possession," possession is "the fact of having or holding property in one's power." That power means having physical dominion and control over the property.
The Anti-Assignment Override Provisions
UCC Sections 9406(d) and 9408(a) are one of the most powerful, yet least understood, sections of the Uniform Commercial Code. On their face, they appear to override anti-assignment provisions in agreements that would limit the grant of a security interest. But do these sections really work?