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Bankruptcy Rule 2004
Rule 2004 of the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure (Bankruptcy Rule 2004) is a crucial pre-litigation discovery tool to investigate potential Avoidance Actions ' causes of action under Chapter 5 of the Bankruptcy Code ' in light of the stringent federal Twombly/Iqbal pleading requirements that are applicable in bankruptcy litigation, and which effectively makes it more difficult for debtors and trustees to sufficiently plead claims for relief.
Specifically, in Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, the Supreme Court adopted a heightened “plausibility” standard requiring a plaintiff's claim to provide “more than labels and conclusions, and a formulaic recitation of the elements of a cause of action” in order to survive a motion to dismiss. 550 U.S. 544, 545 (2007). Subsequently, in Ashcroft v. Iqbal , the Supreme Court then clarified the “plausibility” standard enunciated in Twombly, by holding that “a complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face” for a plaintiff to prevail on a motion to dismiss. 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009).
Stricter Scrutiny By the Courts
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Major Differences In UK, U.S. Copyright Laws
This article highlights how copyright law in the United Kingdom differs from U.S. copyright law, and points out differences that may be crucial to entertainment and media businesses familiar with U.S law that are interested in operating in the United Kingdom or under UK law. The article also briefly addresses contrasts in UK and U.S. trademark law.
The Article 8 Opt In
The Article 8 opt-in election adds an additional layer of complexity to the already labyrinthine rules governing perfection of security interests under the UCC. A lender that is unaware of the nuances created by the opt in (may find its security interest vulnerable to being primed by another party that has taken steps to perfect in a superior manner under the circumstances.
Strategy vs. Tactics: Two Sides of a Difficult Coin
With each successive large-scale cyber attack, it is slowly becoming clear that ransomware attacks are targeting the critical infrastructure of the most powerful country on the planet. Understanding the strategy, and tactics of our opponents, as well as the strategy and the tactics we implement as a response are vital to victory.
Legal Possession: What Does It Mean?
Possession of real property is a matter of physical fact. Having the right or legal entitlement to possession is not "possession," possession is "the fact of having or holding property in one's power." That power means having physical dominion and control over the property.
The Anti-Assignment Override Provisions
UCC Sections 9406(d) and 9408(a) are one of the most powerful, yet least understood, sections of the Uniform Commercial Code. On their face, they appear to override anti-assignment provisions in agreements that would limit the grant of a security interest. But do these sections really work?