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In announcing its long-awaited decision in Tincher v. Omega Flex, 2014 Pa. LEXIS 3031, the state supreme court ruled that Pennsylvania's 40-year-old case law should be reformulated. Unfortunately, the court's effort in Tincher may not have succeeded in bringing clarity and a universally workable definition of product defect to the state. And, as explained below, even if the new legal standards adopted to gauge whether a product is defective are workable, the court's decision left in its wake a host of legal issues that will undoubtedly create havoc and uncertainty for years to come. Foreseeing the inevitable fallout from its decision, the court said:
We note that the area of strict liability law remains complex and our decision here does not purport to foresee and account for the myriad implications or potential pitfalls as yet unarticulated or unappreciated. Thus, at the trial level, and as with other legal concepts, it is incumbent upon the parties, through their attorneys, to aid courts in narrowing issues and formulating appropriate instructions to guide juries in their factual determinations.
The court went on to say:
We recognize ' and the bench and bar should recognize ' that the decision to overrule Azzarello and articulate a standard of proof premised upon alternative tests in relation to claims of a product defective in design may have an impact upon other foundational issues regarding manufacturing or warning claims, and upon subsidiary issues constructed from Azzarello , such as the availability of negligence-derived defenses, bystander compensation or the proper application of the intended use doctrine.
Other than rejecting the specific strict liability definition described in Azzarello v. Black Brothers, 480 Pa. 547, 391 A.2d 1020 (1978), the Tincher opinion does not purport either to approve or disapprove prior decisional law, or available alternatives suggested by commentators or the Restatements, relating to foundational or subsidiary considerations.
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