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First-Amendment Rights of Solicitors

By Stephanie J. Kim
September 02, 2015

A California Court of Appeal recently affirmed the right of a shopping center owner to limit the First Amendment rights of citizens from being exercised near store entrances.

Citizens seeking charitable donations entered an outdoor shopping center and solicited donations near store entrances. The plaintiff, who controls the outdoor shopping center, had a written policy prohibiting solicitation of donations on the shopping center property. He asked the solicitors to leave, but they refused. The plaintiff called the police to have the solicitors removed, but the police would not remove them without a court order.

The plaintiff obtained a preliminary injunction enjoining the solicitors from soliciting donations or engaging in other expressive activities on sidewalks adjacent to the store entrances; however, the injunction order permitted such activities in a public forum area of the shopping center that excluded the areas adjacent to storefront entrances, as designated in a diagram that was attached to the injunction order. The defendants appealed, contending that the areas adjacent to store entrances are public forum areas in which expressive activities cannot be prohibited.

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