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The Article 8 Opt In
When a lender provides financing to a commercial borrower, it typically requires the borrower to grant a security interest in some or all of the borrower's assets. Among many other types of assets or collateral, a borrower may be required to grant a security interest in stock or membership interests owned by the borrower, including stock or membership interests in the borrower's subsidiaries or affiliates.
Of course, simply obtaining a security interest provides only marginal protection relative to parties other than the borrower ' including, for example, competing secured creditors or trustees in bankruptcy. See, e.g., UCC ' 9-322 (priority rules governing competing security interests in collateral); and 11 U.S.C. ' 546 (bankruptcy trustee possesses rights and powers of certain lien creditors). Thus, in addition to merely obtaining a security interest, a lender must take all necessary steps under the Uniform Commercial Code (“UCC” (the UCC has been adopted in all 50 states with some ' usually, but not always, minor ' variations)) or other applicable law to perfect that interest.
The appropriate method for perfecting a security interest varies depending on the type of collateral. To perfect security interests in many types of assets, a lender need only file a UCC financing statement in the appropriate filing jurisdiction. For other assets, a UCC financing statement may not perfect a security interest, or it may only provide a fragile level of perfection that is vulnerable to being trumped by a party that has perfected through a different means.
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The Article 8 Opt In
The Article 8 opt-in election adds an additional layer of complexity to the already labyrinthine rules governing perfection of security interests under the UCC. A lender that is unaware of the nuances created by the opt in (may find its security interest vulnerable to being primed by another party that has taken steps to perfect in a superior manner under the circumstances.
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