Converting Debt to Equity: An Alternative to Modification or Extension of Loans

The state of the office sector is grim. The end of the era of cheap money, coupled with a shift to remote work, has resulted in widespread value destruction and mounting distress. The tide of bad news is unlikely to recede any time soon. As has been widely reported, U.S. property owners must refinance $137 billion of office mortgages this year and nearly half a trillion dollars in the next four years, at a time of widespread lender retrenchment. Compounding the distress, spiking interest rates, coupled with the staggering cost of interest rate hedges for floating-rate loans, have dramatically raised the cost of the few loans on offer.

The Playbook, and the Case for Ripping It Up

When a borrower cannot repay a loan at maturity, lenders have customarily chosen between two options: modification and extension of the loan; or the exercise of the lender's remedies under the loan documents. Modification and extension agreements typically afford the borrower additional time to repay the loan, in the hope that market conditions will improve before the new maturity date. They also frequently afford the borrower additional relief, such as the right to accrue interest during the extension period, and even a promise of additional loan advances to fund tenant improvement and other costs required to reposition the asset. The exercise of remedies under the loan documents entails either judicial foreclosure or the delivery of a deed in lieu of foreclosure.